Egypt Culture and Customs: Everything You Need to Know (2025)

Our Commitment to Independent & Unbiased Information

At TrippVibes, we are committed to providing you with independent, unbiased information, free from any outside influence. Our insights come from unbiased research and analysis. We are here to give you the objective, reliable information you need to plan your perfect trip to Egypt.

Planning Your Trip to Egypt: Essential Cultural Insights

Picture yourself sipping mint tea in a bustling Cairo café, the scent of spices hanging in the air. This guide will help you experience the real Egypt in 2025, from ancient wonders to modern marvels.

Key Facts and Statistics about Egypt

Before you pack your bags, here is your cheat sheet: essential facts and stats for your 2025 travelto Egypt:

FACT / TOPIC	STATISTICS / DETAILS	WHY IT MATTERS FOR TRAVELLERS
Estimated Population (2025)	Projected to exceed 114 million nationwide, with over 23 million in Greater Cairo – Giza.	Expect busy cities, particularly during peak season. Advance booking for accommodation and transport is advisable.
Currency	The Egyptian pound (EGP or LE) is the official currency. Credit cards are increasingly accepted in tourist areas, but cash remains essential, especially in smaller towns and markets. Exchange currency at banks or licensed exchange bureaus for the best rates.	Carry a mix of Egyptian pounds and a no fee debit/credit card for larger purchases. Avoid exchanging money on the street. Be aware of exchange rates and potential fees. Check our comprehensive article about Money Guide for Egypt.
New Administrative Capital & Upgrades	State-led infrastructure projects east of Cairo aim to ease congestion. Metro line expansions are underway.	Improved transport links may simplify travel between areas but allow extra time for potential construction delays or road closures.
Languages in Egypt	The official language of Egypt is Arabic. Nobiin (Nubian), Bedawi (Bedouin), and Coptic (liturgical) are also spoken.	Local dialects vary by region. Learning a few Arabic phrases builds rapport – especially outside major tourist zones. Most hotels and attractions use English, but basic Arabic wins smiles.
Climate	Desert summers can hit 40°C+, milder from November to February. Red Sea coastal areas can remain warm year-round.	Weather affects your comfort in various regions. Check our comprehensive article about Egypt Weather for details about monthly land & sea temperature, especially if you plan desert excursions, Nile cruises, or beach getaways.
UNESCO World Heritage & Iconic Sites	Sites include Pyramids of Giza, Abu Simbel, Islamic Cairo, and more. Egypt has multiple UNESCO-protected monuments spanning millennia.	Cultural landmarks embody Egypt’s ancient heritage. Book tickets online when possible to avoid queues, and plan early-morning visits to beat crowds and midday heat.
Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM)	Set to be one of the world’s largest archaeological museums, covering an area of 500,000 square metres with over 100,000 artefacts near the Pyramids.	Offers a unique opportunity to see a vast collection of Egyptian antiquities. Book tickets online in advance once available. Combine your visit with the Pyramids for a comprehensive historical experience.
Historic Cairo Restoration Project (HCRP)	Historic areas, particularly around Al-Muizz Street, are undergoing restoration projects.	Explore renovated streets blending historical architecture with modern amenities. Discover smaller museums, workshops, and traditional cafés.
Religious Composition	Majority Sunni Muslim; sizeable Coptic Christian community	Religion shapes daily life (e.g., public prayers, Ramadan fasts). Respect dress codes at mosques and churches. Check local customs during major religious events to avoid disruptions.
Tourism & Economy	Tourism contributes significantly to GDP – over 8% in 2024 according to the World Travel Tourism Council. Red Sea resorts, Nile cruises, and historical tours fuel substantial local revenue.	Travellers find well-developed infrastructures in popular destinations. Bargaining is common, and savvy money-handling can save costs. Do not forget to check our Money Guide for Egypt for a stress-free trip.
Red Sea Eco-Tourism Initiatives	Sites like Marsa Alam and a few island reserves are promoting reef protection and sustainable tourism.	Divers and snorkellers should support eco-friendly practices, using reef-safe sunscreen and choosing sustainable tour operators to help preserve coral reefs.
Growth of Desert Trekking Tourism	New trekking routes connect the White Desert to Bahariya Oasis, offering immersive eco-tours.	Adventure travellers can explore unique landscapes, stargaze, and experience Bedouin culture. Be prepared for limited facilities and observe local customs in remote areas.
Cultural Festivals & Events	Sun Festival at Abu Simbel (Feb/Oct), Sham Ennessim (Coptic Easter Monday), and Ramadan (Islamic lunar calendar).	Festivals highlight Egypt’s rich history and culture. Travellers can witness unique traditions and customs of Egypt, though crowds may be large during peak times, Booking in advance is recommended.
Unique Oasis & Desert Festivals	The Siwa Oasis hosts distinctive Amazigh (Berber) celebrations, such as the Siyaha Festival (usually October).	For culturally immersive travel, plan your visit to coincide with these events. Expect fewer tourists and more conservative dress codes in remote desert communities.
Night-time Culture / Café Scene	Cairo offers a vibrant late-night scene with 24-hour coffee shops, board game cafés, and Sufi-themed lounges.	Ideal for exploring beyond daytime tours, but exercise caution, especially as a solo traveller. Maintain appropriate attire and be mindful of your surroundings.
Women’s Leagues (Sports)	Football, volleyball and hockey have thriving women’s leagues.	Attending sporting events offers a different cultural perspective. Check local listings for matches in Cairo or Alexandria.

Understanding Egypt: A Cultural Overview for 2025

Picture this: ancient wonders standing side-by-side with bustling modern life. That is the magic of Egypt. For centuries, Egypt’s unique location at the crossroads of Africa and Asia has made it a hub for travellers, traders, and empires.

With a population exceeding 114 million in 2024, according to the United Nations Population Fund, and a steady annual growth rate of approximately 1.7%, Egypt’s demographic landscape continues to expand and urbanise. You will see this growth reflected in the amazing diversity of dialects, customs and traditions, food, and daily life across Egypt.

This 2025 Egypt travel guide provides comprehensive information on Egyptian culture and customs, offering valuable insights into Egyptian traditions and social norms for visitors. We have combined cultural insights, academic research, and firsthand experience to create this practical guide for all travellers to Egypt.

We will cover everything from basic greetings to important safety tips, like avoiding Orfi marriages. Furthermore, the guide offers valuable insights into dress codes in rural areas, tips for exploring desert oases and much more.

Why This Guide is Essential for Your Egypt Trip

We have walked the streets of Cairo, haggled in the Khan el-Khalili market, and sipped tea with Bedouin families in the Sinai. We researched and experienced Egypt firsthand to create this resource. It helps you avoid tourist traps and discover the real Egypt and it is certainly not just another guidebook:

• First-hand Exploration: We have spent extensive time exploring Egypt’s diverse landscapes, from bustling cities like Cairo, Alexandria, Luxor, Hurghada, Marsa Alam, and Sharm El Sheikh, to tranquil desert oases. This first-hand experience allows us to provide authentic insights into Egypt’s varied customs and daily life.
• In-depth Research: Our research encompasses all aspects of the Egyptian experience, from the nuances of local transport to the diverse culinary scene, including traditional street food and tourist-oriented restaurants.
• Focus on Practical Advice: We have personally investigated potential challenges travellers may face, such as Orfi marriage concerns and harassment risks, enabling you to proactively address these issues.
• Unbiased and Independent: We self-fund our travels and research, guaranteeing objective and impartial advice. Because we have personally experienced these situations, you can trust the authenticity and reliability of our guidance.

Research Overview

This guide is based on information gathered from a comprehensive range of sources, ensuring its accuracy and relevance:

• Online Forums & Groups: We monitored 150 travel forums and social media groups dedicated to Egypt, capturing a broad spectrum of traveller experiences and perspectives.
• Traveller Stories: We analysed 2,000 traveller accounts encompassing cultural etiquette, common scams, and local customs.
• Social Media Insights: We reviewed 12,000 posts across various travel platforms and forums, providing real-time insights into cultural practices, everyday challenges, and hidden gems.
• Official Data Sources: We consulted 20 official sources, including government data, reports from local charities and NGOs, UN studies, and health statistics.

Our Research Methodology

This guide is the result of meticulous research and on-the-ground experience:

• Extensive Travel: We journeyed extensively throughout Egypt, visiting both major urban centres and smaller communities to gain a comprehensive understanding of diverse customs and social norms.
• Varied Accommodation: We stayed in a range of accommodations, from budget guesthouses to mid-range hotels, assessing comfort levels, hospitality, and potential issues such as unspoken dress codes.
• Direct Observation & Interaction: We documented common tourist scams, investigated instances of Orfi marriages, and engaged with local residents to verify information and gain first-hand perspectives.
• Comprehensive Online Research: We analysed online resources and monitored traveller feedback on a wide range of topics, from tipping etiquette and appropriate attire in rural areas and religious sites, to broader cultural insights.

Further Reading

For your stress-free trip planning to Egypt in 2025, we recommend the following related articles:

Best Time to Visit Egypt: Your Ultimate Weather Guide

Travel Made Easy: Applying for Your Egypt e-Visa Online

Complete Egypt Money Guide: Cash, Cards & Avoiding Scams

The Ultimate Guide to Booking Flights and Hotels in Egypt: All You Need to Know

Unbiased Hotel Reviews (Alexandria, Cairo, Hurghada and Marsa Alam – more coming soon)

You may also find general information about Egypt on the BBC website.

For additional information on visas, budgeting, or accommodation, please consult the external resources provided. While no single resource can fully capture the wonders of both modern and ancient Egypt, this guide provides a solid foundation for exploring its rich history and vibrant culture.

Egypt’s Rich History and Culture – Evolving Demographics

Visiting Egypt in 2025 promises an unforgettable journey through history and culture. Egypt’s culture is steeped in history, stretching back to the time of the pharaohs, whose magnificent pyramids, temples, and tombs continue to captivate the world. On our first trip to Egypt, we were struck by the incredible mix of cultures. The blend of African, Arab, Greco-Roman, Ottoman, and European influences creates a truly unique experience

Most Egyptians live along the fertile Nile River or in the bustling cities of Cairo and Giza. World Population Review projects that the combined population of Cairo and Giza will exceed 23 million by 2025, presenting significant challenges for housing, transport infrastructure, and urban planning.

Despite these urban challenges, Egypt’s renowned hospitality endures. Locals often appreciate visitors’ attempts to speak basic Arabic and frequently extend invitations to share tea and conversation. Embrace a positive and open attitude, and you will discover a truly welcoming Egypt.

The Egyptian Language and Greetings: Essential Phrases and Etiquette

While knowing some Arabic is helpful, you will find that English is widely spoken in tourist areas, making communication easy. However, regional dialects such as Nubian (Nobiin) and Bedouin (Bedawi) are used within specific communities, while Coptic is primarily a liturgical language. Some knowledge of French can be advantageous in business settings.

Even a few Arabic greetings can make a big difference when connecting with locals. As-salamu alaykum (“Peace be upon you”) is a standard greeting across the Arab world, typically followed by the response Wa alaykumu s-salam (“And upon you be peace”). Simpler greetings like ahlan or marhaba also convey a welcoming tone. Learning a few Egyptian greetings can also make a positive impression on locals.

How Egyptians greet each other depends on their relationship and gender. Hugging or hand-holding is common between close male friends. Among women, a friendly greeting may involve kisses on both cheeks. Individual levels of conservatism influence the level of physical contact between men and women. Therefore, men should generally wait for women to initiate a handshake.

Using the right titles also shows respect. Addressing elderly men as Sayyid and older or married women as Sayyida is usually not an issue. But when interacting with professionals such as doctors or professors, use their professional titles.

Connecting with Egyptians: Authentic Cultural Experiences

 

One of our favourite memories was sharing a meal with a local Egyptian family in Luxor. They welcomed us into their home, taught us how to make koshari (a delicious Egyptian dish), and shared stories about their lives. Do not be afraid to step outside your comfort zone and connect with the amazing the Egyptian people – it will enrich your trip in countless ways.

Tip: Learn a few basic Egyptian Arabic phrases. Even a simple ‘shukran’ (thank you) goes a long way. Here a few words that you will find useful:

Greetings	Arabic Script	Transliteration	Notes
Good morning	صباح الخير	ṣabāḥ al-khayr
Good evening	مساء الخير	masāʾ al-khayr
Hello (formal)	السلام عليكم	as-salāmu `alaykum
Reply to “Hello” (formal)	وعليكم السلام	wa `alaykumu s-salām
Hello (informal)	مرحبا	marḥaban
Hello (informal)	أهلا	ʾahlan
How are you? (m)	ازيك؟	ʾizayyik?	m = masculine
How are you? (f)	ازيكِ؟	ʾizayyiki?	f = feminine
I am fine, thanks	الحمد لله	al-ḥamdu lillāh	Common response to “How are you?”
Goodbye	مع السلامة	ma`a s-salāma
See you later	بعدين	ba`dʾan

Essentials	Arabic Script	Transliteration	Notes
Please (m)	من فضلك	min faḍlak	m = masculine
Please (f)	من فضلكِ	min faḍlik	f = feminine
Thank you	شكرا	shukran
You are welcome	عفوا	`afwan
Yes	نعم	naam
No	لا	lāʾ
No, thank you	لا شكرا	la shukran
It is okay/No problem	معلش	ma`lesh	Versatile phrase
I am sorry (m)	أنا آسف	ʾana ʾāsif	m = masculine
I am sorry (f)	أنا آسفة	ʾana ʾasfa	f = feminine

Numbers	Arabic Script	Transliteration
One	واحد	wāḥid
Two	اثنين	ʾithnayn
Three	ثلاثة	thalātha
Four	أربعة	ʾarba`a
Five	خمسة	khamsa
Six	ستة	sitta
Seven	سبعة	sab`a
Eight	ثمانية	thamāniya
Nine	تسعة	tis`a
Ten	عشرة	`ashara

Useful Questions	Arabic Script	Transliteration	Notes
Where is…?	فين …؟	fēn…?
How much?	كام؟	kam?	Useful for bargaining

However, discussions about politics in Egypt call for caution. Whether the topic is Israeli-Palestinian relations, Western interventions or internal governance, some individuals will engage enthusiastically, while others may prefer silence. When these sensitive topics come up, be respectful and understanding.

Exploring Egypt’s Diverse Cultural Heritage

Egypt is a melting pot of different ethnicities and cultural influences – it is fascinating!

Journey towards Aswan insouthern Egypt and bordering northern Sudan, and encounter the Nubian people. Renowned for their unique musical traditions, vibrant artistry, and strong family bonds, Nubians contribute a distinct thread to Egypt’s cultural fabric.

Further east, in the Sinai Peninsula and Eastern Desert, Bedouin tribes maintain their ancestral heritage. Their nomadic and semi-nomadic lifestyles are deeply rooted in herding practices and an unparalleled knowledge of desert navigation.

Meanwhile, the Siwa Oasis is home to the Berber (Amazigh) community. Here, the Siwi language and distinct customs offer a glimpse into a culture separate from the traditions of the Nile Valley.

Coastal cities, such as Alexandria, showcase a captivating blend of historical influences. Remnants of Greek and Ottoman heritage intertwine seamlessly with modern Egyptian culture and identity, creating a truly unique experience.

Furthermore, a strong sense of regional identity permeates Egyptian culture. From Cairo to Aswan, and extending to the tranquil oasis communities, local pride manifests in distinct accents, diverse culinary traditions and even variations in architectural styles. These cultural nuances make Egypt’s heritage so vibrant and diverse.

Religion in Egypt: A Tapestry of Faiths and Traditions

The official religion of Egypt is Sunni Islam. However, Coptic Orthodox Christianity maintains a prominent presence, particularly in Upper Egypt.

You will see the influence of faith everywhere in Egypt, from the daily calls to prayer to the Sunday church services. The melodic calls to prayer echo from mosques throughout the day, while on Sundays, Coptic families gather in centuries-old churches and monasteries for worship.

One of the most important religious sites is the Al-Azhar Mosque in Cairo, home to one of the world’s oldest universities, established in 972. Equally significant is the Coptic Monastery of Saint Anthony, nestled in the Eastern Desert, and believed to be the oldest continuously inhabited Christian monastery globally.

During Ramadan, the streets come alive after sunset. Families gather for iftar (the breaking of the fast), sharing delicious meals and celebrating together. It is a special time to witness the spirit of community and generosity. 

Tip: If you are visiting during Ramadan, be respectful of those who are fasting and avoid eating or drinking in public during daylight hours.

Celebrating Egypt: Festivals and Holidays in 2025

Egypt offers a rich calendar of vibrant festivals and events.

Witness the awe-inspiring Abu Simbel Sun Festival, a testament to ancient Egyptian ingenuity. Twice a year, around 22 February and 22 October, the sun’s rays penetrate deep within Ramses II’s temple, illuminating its inner chambers. We shall never forget the feeling of standing before the temple of Abu Simbel as the first rays of sunlight illuminated the inner sanctuary. It is a truly magical experience that connects you to the ingenuity of the ancient Egyptians. 

Tip: Book your trip well in advance if you want to witness the Abu Simbel Sun Festival, as accommodation and tours fill up quickly

Another key event is Sham Ennessim, a joyous celebration of spring arriving the day after Coptic Easter. Families traditionally gather in parks for picnics, enjoying decorated eggs and the fresh air. Public beaches also become lively hubs of activity, although visitors are advised to dress modestly outside of private resorts. For insights into monthly temperature ranges, check our weather information.

Festival/Event	Estimated/Confirmed Date(s) 2025	Notes
Coptic Christmas	January 7	Celebrated by Coptic Christians in Egypt.
Abu Simbel Sun Festival	February 22 & October 22	Occurs twice a year, marking the alignment of the sun with the inner chamber of the Abu Simbel temple.
Sham En Nessim	Likely April/May	Celebrated the Monday after Coptic Easter. A spring festival dating back to ancient times.
Ramadan	Likely March/April	The Islamic holy month of fasting. Dates shift annually based on the lunar calendar.
Eid al-Fitr	Likely April/May	Marks the end of Ramadan. Dates depend on the lunar calendar.
Eid al-Adha	Likely June/July	An important Islamic festival of sacrifice. Dates depend on the lunar calendar.
Islamic New Year	Likely July/August	Marks the beginning of the Islamic lunar year. Dates shift annually.
Prophet Muhammad’s Birthday (Mawlid)	Likely September/October	Celebrates the birth of the Prophet Muhammad. Dates depend on the lunar calendar.
Armed Forces Day	October 6	Commemorates the Egyptian military’s role in the October War.
Wafaa Al Nil (Nile Flood Festival)	Variable, historically August	Though no longer tied to the Nile’s natural flood cycle (due to the Aswan High Dam), some celebrations may still occur.
Sayeda Zeinab Moulid	Variable Dates	A Sufi Moulid (celebration of a saint’s birthday) with festivities around the Sayeda Zeinab Mosque in Cairo.
Moulid of El-Hussein	Variable Dates	Another significant Sufi Moulid celebrated at the Al-Hussein Mosque in Cairo.

Dining in Egypt: A Guide to Etiquette and Customs

Knowing local customs makes any trip better. In many Middle Eastern and North African cultures, including Egypt, the left hand is traditionally considered less clean. While modern Egyptians are generally accommodating of diverse dining habits, it is a thoughtful gesture to avoid using your left hand when serving food from shared dishes or eating in a group setting.

Do not miss out on trying the amazing Egyptian cuisine, from the popular shawarma and koshari to the traditional ful medames and molokhia. The fertile Nile Delta provides an abundance of fresh produce, ensuring plentiful options for vegetarian and vegan travellers.

Sharing a meal is part of Egyptian hospitality. Be prepared for generous portions, as hosts often express their welcome by overfilling plates. Leaving a little food on your plate is a polite way to show you are full. Washing your hands before and after meals, or using provided wipes, is considered good etiquette.

While public consumption of alcohol is generally discouraged, licensed establishments such as large hotels and high-end restaurants typically serve alcoholic beverages.

For guidance on tipping practices in restaurants, markets, and for tour guides, including recommended amounts and current exchange rates, please refer to our comprehensive Money and Tipping guide. This valuable resource will assist you in budgeting effectively for your trip to Egypt.

Bargaining in Egypt: Tips and Techniques

Get ready to haggle! Bargaining in the souks is a quintessential Egyptian experience. It is a playful back-and-forth, a dance of offers and counter-offers. Do not be afraid to haggle – it is expected! 

Tip: Start by offering about half the asking price and work your way up. A good-natured smile and a few Arabic phrases can go a long way. Be polite, friendly, and patient – that is the key to successful bargaining. Avoid being aggressive or confrontational. If a vendor offers you tea, it often signals a willingness to engage in friendly conversation before finalising a sale. However, you are under no obligation to purchase.

If you are buying expensive items like gold jewellery, make sure you agree on the price per gram first. This helps avoid misunderstandings regarding additional charges for labour or intricate designs. Negotiating transport fares, especially for taxis not booked through a ride-sharing app, is also common practice.

Dress Code in Egypt: What to Wear and What to Avoid

The dress code in Egypt varies depending on location and occasion. While major tourist hubs and Red Sea beach resorts tend to be more relaxed about clothing choices, it is important to be mindful of local customs and dress respectfully, particularly when visiting smaller towns, rural villages, or religious sites.

On our trip to Aswan, we noticed that local women often wore long, flowing dresses called galabeyas. While you do not need to adopt  traditional Egyptian clothing, covering your shoulders and knees is a good guideline. 

Women should wear loose-fitting tops, trousers, or long skirts that cover their knees. Men are advised to wear trousers and shirts, either short or long-sleeved.

Dressing respectfully shows cultural sensitivity and helps you blend in. Wearing overly revealing clothing may attract stares or, in some less tolerant areas, unwelcome comments.

Comfortable footwear is essential, especially when exploring ancient ruins with uneven terrain.

For information on seasonal variations in temperature and appropriate clothing choices, from the winter chill of Alexandria to the summer heat of Aswan, refer to our detailed Weather Guide, which provides monthly climate breakdowns and helpful packing tips.

Social Customs and Public Behaviour in Egypt

Social customs in Egypt are different from what you might be used to in Western cultures. Egyptian social norms dictate respectful interactions, especially between genders. In public, people who are not related usually keep a respectful distance. In busy cities like Cairo and Alexandria, women-only carriages are available on trains and trams, reflecting local cultural norms.

While Egypt is generally welcoming, harassment is something to be aware of. A study by the Egyptian Center for Women’s Rights (ECWR) indicated that a significant majority of both foreign (96.3%) and local (91.5%) women reported experiencing some form of harassment, ranging from verbal to physical. Projecting confidence and using some basic Arabic can help deter unwanted attention.

However, personal experiences can vary. While some travellers report minimal harassment in cities like Cairo, Alexandria, Hurghada, Sharm El Sheikh, and Marsa Alam, others have noted increased incidents in Luxor. This highlights the importance of remaining aware of your surroundings and understanding local customs.

If you experience harassment, do not hesitate to be assertive. Using Arabic words like khalas (enough), uskut (be quiet), or shouting haram (forbidden or shameful) can attract the attention of bystanders who may intervene.

While Red Sea resort areas tend to be more liberal, it is still advisable to remain vigilant. This also applies to desert oases, where more traditional social norms prevail.

Avoiding Orfi Marriages in Egypt: Protecting Yourself from Exploitation

The following safety tips for Egypt will help you stay safe and informed during your travels.

Do not get involved in Orfi marriages (sometimes referred to as “Dahab marriages”). These unofficial marriages may seem like a way around the rules for unmarried couples, but they are very risky. Understanding the risks of Orfi marriages in Egypt is crucial for protecting yourself.

In tourist destinations such as Luxor, Aswan, some Red Sea areas, and even Cairo, some individuals exploit the Orfi system, engaging in deceptive romantic relationships with foreigners to secure accommodation or financial support. Many individuals entering into these arrangements mistakenly believe they are legally married, leaving them vulnerable to legal and emotional repercussions.

Legally recognised marriage in Egypt requires registration at the Shaar al-Aqari (the official registry) in Cairo. This official process confers legal rights relating to spousal status and custody disputes, protections absent in Orfi marriages. Numerous reports highlight cases of individuals left financially destitute after discovering the limited legal recourse available under Orfi arrangements, making it difficult to recover property or finances.

Furthermore, health risks, including HIV transmission, have been associated with these exploitative networks. Therefore, exercising extreme caution and seeking legal advice before considering any form of unofficial marriage in Egypt is paramount.

Sports in Egypt: Beyond the Football Field

Football (soccer) reigns supreme as Egypt’s most popular sport, uniting millions in a shared passion for their favourite clubs, particularly giants like Al Ahly and Zamalek. This fervent enthusiasm is palpable everywhere, from lively street celebrations and animated coffeehouse debates to the constant buzz across social media. While football’s dominance is undeniable, Egypt’s sporting heritage is rich and diverse.

Looking into the distant past, ancient tomb paintings reveal a long history of athletic pursuits, including gymnastics and martial arts. Contemporary Egyptians enjoy a variety of sports, from equestrian events and exhilarating camel races to aquatic competitions in the Red Sea.

However, the electric atmosphere surrounding football matches, especially during fiercely contested national and local matches, explains its unparalleled popularity. The intense rivalry between Al Ahly and Zamalek, for example, ignites a national fervour that solidifies football’s place at the heart of Egyptian sporting culture.

Key Cultural Tips for Navigating Egypt

Understanding local customs enhances any travel experience. Here are some key insights into Egyptian culture:

• Personal Space: Egyptians often maintain closer physical proximity with friends and family. However, interactions between unrelated men and women tend to be more formal and less tactile.
• Respect for Elders: Older individuals are highly respected in Egyptian society. Offering your seat to an elder on public transport is a courteous gesture.
• Gift-Giving Etiquette: Small gifts, such as sweets, are generally well-received. Flowers, however, are typically associated with funerals or specific wedding customs.
• Punctuality: Traffic congestion, particularly in Cairo, is a common reason for delays. Flexibility with scheduling is often appreciated.
• Tours and Avoiding Scams: While most interactions are genuine, it is wise to remain vigilant. Always double-check the credentials of tour guides and agencies to ensure a reputable and reliable experience.

Dos and Don’ts in Egypt: A Quick Guide to Cultural Etiquette

Understanding cultural etiquette in Egypt is crucial for a smooth and respectful trip. These Egypt travel tips will help you navigate cultural nuances and avoid common pitfalls.

Cultural Dos	Cultural Do-Nots
Dress modestly, especially for women in rural areas or religious sites.	Avoid public displays of affection in extremely conservative locations.
Use basic Egyptian Arabic phrases such as marhaba (hello) and shukran (thank you).	Refrain from using the left hand for communal eating or serving if possible.
Offer small gifts (chocolates) or sweets to hosts.	Do not rely on Orfi marriage to bypass regulations on unmarried couples.
Respect religious traditions, remove shoes in mosques or certain homes if needed.	Avoid disparaging remarks about Islam, Coptic Christianity, or local politics.
Negotiate politely in marketplaces and be prepared to walk away if the price seems high.	Do not assume everyone is out to cheat foreign visitors but stay alert to scams.
Drink alcohol only in licensed establishments.	Avoid taking photographs of military sites or sensitive areas without permission.
Tip bellhops, waiters and guides fairly. (See our Money and Tipping Guide)	Do not be rude if invited to share tea or conversation but politely refuse if you do not wish to participate.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Egyptian customs & Culture

Q: Is it really difficult to exchange foreign currency in Egypt, and is the exchange rate favourable?

A: Tourist areas such as Cairo, Giza, and Luxor typically have ample regulated exchange bureaus and banks, so exchanging major foreign currencies is straightforward. However, we do advise to bring no-fee debit cards to withdraw cash or pay locally.

One of the best things about travelling around the country is how far your money can go. We were pleasantly surprised by the affordable prices, especially for Egyptian food and local transportation. 

Tip: While credit cards are accepted in many tourist areas, it is always a good idea to have some Egyptian pounds on hand, especially for smaller shops and markets. ATMs are widely available but be sure to check with your bank about any foreign transaction fees.

For more tips on managing your money in Egypt, including exchange rates, ATMs, and avoiding scams, check out our dedicated Money Guide. This resource highlights useful scripts for negotiating fair exchange rates, plus tips for minimising hidden ATM fees.

Q: Is the tap water safe to drink, or should I buy bottled water?

A: Large cities like Cairo treat their tap water, but its taste and mineral composition can differ from what international visitors expect, sometimes leading to stomach sensitivity. Watch out for older districts with outdated plumbing – the tap water might not be safe there.

Many travellers therefore prefer bottled or filtered water – especially in semi-rural locations or desert oases – just to be safe. Pay attention to the look and smell of your tap water – it is a good indicator of its safety.

Q: Which months provide the most comfortable weather for travelling in Egypt?

A: The summer season (particularly from June to August) can be extremely hot, with temperatures rising above 40°C in the southern deserts. By contrast, winter months- November to February – are usually much more pleasant for sightseeing and exploring archaeological sites.

Rainfall is minimal in most parts of the country, although the Mediterranean coast near Alexandria experiences more precipitation than elsewhere.

Egypt’s weather can vary dramatically depending on the time of year and region. We visited in November and found the temperatures perfect for exploring ancient sites without overheating. 

Tip: Check our detailed Weather Guide to choose the best time to visit Egypt based on your interests and preferred temperatures

Q: Is wearing a headscarf mandatory for women when visiting a mosque or conservative rural area?

A: While you do not have to wear a headscarf, it is a sign of respect in mosques and conservative areas. At a minimum, you should ensure your shoulders, knees, and cleavage are covered to adhere to local modesty customs.

Many religious sites display signage indicating dress expectations. Carrying a light shawl or scarf allows you to easily adapt. Showing respect for local customs will make your trip to Egypt even better.

Q: Are offers of tea always a sales tactic?

A: Offering tea or coffee is a common gesture of hospitality in Egyptian culture. While it can be part of the bargaining process in marketplaces, accepting a drink does not obligate you to purchase anything. It is okay to politely say no, but do not be rude about it.

Q: Do female travellers face constant harassment in Egypt?

A: While most Egyptians are welcoming, harassment remains a concern. A study by the Egyptian Center for Women’s Rights (ECWR) indicated that a significant majority of both foreign (96.3%) and local (91.5%) women reported experiencing some form of harassment.

Dress modestly, travel with friends, and use the women-only train cars (if available) to stay safe. Learning basic Arabic phrases like khalas (“enough”) or uskut (“be quiet”) can also be helpful.

Q: Can unmarried couples share hotel rooms in Egypt?

A: Foreign couples rarely encounter issues in established hotels. However, smaller guesthouses may require proof of marriage, particularly for Egyptian nationals. Be wary of advice suggesting an “Orfi” marriage as a solution. These unofficial arrangements lack legal protection, are often exploitative, and can leave individuals vulnerable.

We strongly advise against Orfi marriages.

Q: Is smoking permitted in cafés and restaurants? Are there non-smoking areas?

A: While cigarette smoking and shisha (waterpipe) are common in Egyptian social settings, public smoking restrictions exist. The rules are not always enforced, and non-smoking areas are not always an option.

If you are sensitive to smoke, request outdoor seating or a table near a window. Politely expressing your preference for fresh air is generally accepted

Q: What are the transportation options in Cairo?

A: Cairo offers various affordable transport options, including taxis, rideshares, the metro, and microbuses. Expect lots of traffic, especially during rush hour. Taxi fares are not always metered, so negotiate the price beforehand.

We do not recommend renting a car in Egypt.

Q: Is beach attire acceptable on the Red Sea coast or public beaches?

A: Bikinis and swimwear are generally acceptable within private Red Sea resorts. However, more modest attire is recommended for public beaches or in smaller, more conservative towns. A one-piece swimsuit or tankini with a cover-up is a good option. Many travellers carry a sarong or light robe for when they leave the beach for local cafés or markets.

Q: Is it impolite to decline an invitation or offer of help from locals?

A: Egyptians are known for their hospitality. Declining an invitation requires tact. A brief, polite explanation, such as a scheduling conflict, is usually sufficient. You should avoid being abrupt or dismissive, as this can be perceived as rude. Being respectful helps everyone and shows appreciation for Egyptian culture.

Q: Is English sufficient for communication in Egypt, or is Arabic necessary?

A: English is widely taught in Egyptian schools, and many people in tourist areas speak it well enough for basic communication. However, learning a few Arabic phrases, such as marhaba (“hello”) and shukran (“thank you”), demonstrates courtesy and can enhance interactions. Even if your Arabic is not perfect, Egyptians appreciate the effort.

Q: Are there any sensitive topics to avoid discussing?

A: Egyptians often hold strong opinions on topics such as the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, religious beliefs, and Western influence. While some individuals may engage in robust discussions, others prefer to avoid these subjects altogether.

Criticising or joking about religion is particularly inadvisable and can cause offence. Gauge your companion’s comfort level and be prepared to change the subject if necessary.

Q: What are the customs regarding physical contact between men and women in Egypt?

A: In more conservative areas, men generally avoid initiating physical contact, such as handshakes or hugs, with women who are not close relatives.

In cosmopolitan cities like Cairo or Alexandria, handshakes between men and women in professional or casual settings are becoming more common, but it is best to allow the woman to initiate the gesture.

Modesty and respect are paramount, and these customs can vary depending on the region’s level of conservatism.

Q: Does Egypt have distinct ethnic communities with unique cultural traditions?

A: Yes, Egypt’s rich cultural tapestry includes several distinct ethnic communities:

• Nubians: Predominantly located around Aswan, Nubians have their own language (Nobiin), distinctive music and dance traditions, and vibrant architecture.
• Bedouins: Found across the Sinai Peninsula and parts of the Eastern Desert, Bedouins are known for their nomadic or semi-nomadic lifestyles and strong clan structures.
• Amazigh (Berbers): Concentrated primarily in the Siwa Oasis, the Amazigh speak the Siwi language and maintain a unique culture distinct from that of the Nile Valley.

We spent a few days in a Nubian village near Aswan and we were captivated by their vibrant culture. From the colourful houses to the traditional music and dance, it was a truly unique experience. 

Tip: Consider taking a cooking class or visiting a local craft workshop to learn more about Nubian traditions.

Q: What is the tipping etiquette in Egypt?

A: Tipping, or baksheesh, is customary in Egypt, particularly in service industries where wages may be lower. Restaurant staff, hotel employees, and tour guides generally expect a tip, although the amount can vary. Our dedicated article about handling money in Egypt provides further guidance on tipping practices. Tip if you are happy with the service, but do not feel obligated if you are not.

Q: Are there restrictions on alcohol consumption in Egypt?

A: Alcohol consumption is generally limited to licensed restaurants, hotels, and bars. Drinking in public is illegal and can result in legal consequences. While beer and wine are readily available in designated establishments, always confirm that the venue has the appropriate license to serve alcohol.

Q: What precautions should I take against the sun and heat, especially at historical sites?

A: The Egyptian sun can be intense, particularly at open-air sites like the Pyramids of Giza or Abu Simbel. Even in winter, the afternoons can get surprisingly hot. Pack sunscreen, a wide-brimmed hat, and sunglasses.

Our dedicated article provides detailed monthly temperature information to help you plan your outdoor activities and hydration breaks.

Q: Can non-Muslims and non-Christians visit mosques and churches in Egypt?

A: Many prominent religious sites, including Al-Azhar Mosque, the Hanging Church, and Saint Anthony’s Monastery, welcome respectful visitors of all faiths. Dress modestly and be respectful.

You may have to remove your shoes before entering certain prayer areas. Be aware that opening hours and crowd sizes may vary during Ramadan.

Q: Is it safe for women to travel solo in Egypt?

A: Women can and do travel safely alone in Egypt with appropriate precautions. You can dress modestly, use women-only carriages on public transport (where available), and stay aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded areas.

If you experience unwanted attention, using short Arabic rebukes like khalas or uskut can be effective. If someone touches you inappropriately, do not be afraid to speak up – loudly if necessary – to get help from others around you.

Q: What are Orfi marriages, and why are they discouraged for tourists?

A: Orfi marriages are informal contracts used to circumvent social or legal restrictions for unmarried couples wishing to share accommodation. These agreements are unregistered, easily annulled and do not confer any legally recognised marital rights.

There have been numerous cases of individuals, often referred to as “gigolos,” targeting foreign women under the guise of romance to enter into Orfi marriages for financial gain. These arrangements often leave the foreign partner vulnerable and with little legal recourse.

We strongly advise against Orfi marriages to protect travellers from potential emotional, financial, and legal difficulties.

Q: How prevalent are gigolos in popular tourist destinations?

A: While not very widespread, gigolos have been reported in areas like Luxor, Aswan, the Sinai Peninsula, Hurghada, and certain neighbourhoods in Cairo. They typically employ charm and flattery to build relationships with foreign visitors, often with the aim of securing financial support or entering into an Orfi marriage.

If a romantic encounter feels suspicious, especially if requests for money arise early in the relationship, trust your instincts and exercise caution.

Q: Can I experience authentic Egyptian culture while avoiding tourist traps?

A: Absolutely. The vast majority of Egyptians are genuinely welcoming and eager to share their culture and daily life with visitors. Learning a few Arabic greetings demonstrates respect and fosters positive interactions.

If an offer seems dubious, whether from a tour operator, street vendor, or local, politely decline. Consulting a good guide to Egypt or reaching out to hote staff for typical prices of goods and excursions can help you avoid inflated prices. Be aware of potential scams in Egypt and learn how to avoid them by checking our dedicated article about handling money in Egypt.

Q: Is it safe to bathe in the natural hot springs found in remote oases?

A: Generally, yes, but modest swimwear is essential to respect local customs. We recommend wearing a T-shirt and leggings, or similar non-revealing clothing. These often-rustic locations may lack amenities or supervision, so travelling in pairs or small groups during daylight hours is advisable for safety.

Q: Are there any subtle etiquette guidelines I should be aware of?

A: Here are a few additional tips to ensure respectful and courteous interactions:

• Remove your shoes when entering private homes or certain religious buildings, especially if you observe others doing so.
• Maintain a quiet demeanour in places of worship or solemn reflection.
• Avoid excessive public displays of affection in conservative areas.
• Offer your seat to elderly people on public transport.
• We learned to trust our gut feeling while travelling and living (yes, we did!) in Egypt. If a situation felt off, we politely excused ourselves. 

Tip: It is always better to err on the side of caution and remove yourself from a situation that makes you uncomfortable.

Disclaimer

TrippVibes is an independent platform and is not affiliated with any companies, products, or service providers mentioned in this article. All recommendations are based on unbiased research and are intended to provide helpful information to travellers.

Download our comprehensive planning checklist below and travel with total confidence.

Why trust our advice

At TrippVibes, we fully understand the importance of accurate and dependable information. We have personally encountered the same frustrations caused by misleading reviews and preventable travel obstacles during our own journeys through Egypt.

This is precisely why we are committed to delivering the most current and trustworthy guidance on booking flights and hotels in Egypt. Allow us to help you pave the way to extraordinary travel experiences. 

Follow us on Facebook, Instagram and YouTube for more local insights, inspiring trip ideas, and hands-on advice that will help you plan your next adventure with confidence.

Have More Questions or Need Assistance

We are here to help. Feel free to get in touch if you have any additional queries or require further guidance in organising your travel arrangements.

Have insights or tips from your own experience in Egypt? Share them in the comments below to assist your fellow travellers.

The Ultimate Guide to Booking Flights and Hotels in Egypt: All You Need to Know (2025)

Egypt Weather Guide: Discover When to Visit for the Ultimate Experience

Complete Egypt Money Guide 2024: Cash, Cards & Avoiding Scams

Travel Made Easy: Applying for Your Egypt e-Visa Online (2025)

Exclusive Hotel Reviews – Navigate Egypt with Our Unbiased, Personal Insights (more coming soon!):

Hurghada & Surrounding Areas: Jaz Casa Del Mar Beach | Jaz Soma Beach (previously Solymar Soma Beach) | Jaz Makadina Resort | Jaz Makadi Star & Spa

Marsa Alam: Steigenberger Coraya Beach

Cairo: Staybridge Suites Citystars | Holiday Inn Citystars

Alexandria: Steigenberger Cecil Hotel